Welcome to Africa Research Institute’s blog. Africa Research Institute is a strictly non-partisan think tank based in London. Our mission is to draw attention to ideas which have worked in Africa, and to identify new ideas where needed.

Wednesday 14 November 2012

When China Met Africa, a review


I recently attended a screening of “When China Met Africa” at the London School of Economics. It is a documentary I had seen before, but having just completed work on Africa Research Institute’s latest Briefing NoteBetween extremes: China and Africa” I was keen to view it again.

The documentary’s simplicity is its greatest asset. Set in Zambia, the three protagonists each provide crucial insights into the dynamism and nuances of contemporary China-Africa relations. Mr Liu is an office worker turned entrepreneur and farmer; Mr Li, a project manager for China Henan International Corporation tasked with resurfacing 323 kilometres of road; and Felix Mutati, was Zambia’s minister of trade, commerce and industry when the film was shot. These three individuals do not know one another, nor do their paths cross. But as their stories are juxtaposed they directly challenge the stereotyping to which China-Africa relations are so often reduced – China as Africa’s metaphorical “fairy godmother” or its neo-colonial exploiter.

Mr Liu’s decision to uproot his family and purchase several plots of land in Zambia to cultivate crops and livestock for the local market proved an astute move. His business is thriving and he relishes working for himself. An ardent champion of the free market, Mr Liu talks with conviction about his belief in enterprise, competition and hard graft. In many respects, Mr Liu represents the vanguard of the Chinese presence in Africa. Contract workers employed by state-owned and large private corporations seldom encounter Africans outside the workplace. For the vast majority of Africans who do come into regular contact with Chinese migrants, interaction is with people like Mr Liu – small and medium-scale traders and business owners who have arrived on the continent without any sort of sponsorship or support from Beijing. In depicting this reality, the film exposes a fascinating paradox emerges. Mr Liu provides much needed employment locally – but his uncompromising quest for productivity and profit creates a relationship with his workers that makes for uncomfortable viewing and is redolent of the colonial era in Zambia. 

The increase in economic migration from China to Africa has become an emotive subject. Estimates of the number of Chinese living in Africa range from 500,000 to 1 million. Competition from Chinese traders and businesses has caused discontent in local markets. In Uganda, retailers closed their shops in protest at being undercut by competitors and cheap goods from China. African authorities have responded to popular demands for greater regulation. In Malawi, foreign traders are restricted to establishing businesses in the four main cities. Poor quality goods and strict no return policies have provoked widespread demands for better regulation of Chinese imports. Concerns about reputational damage have prompted officials in Beijing to address quality control to mitigate negative effects on wider diplomatic and economic ties.

Mr Li’s employer, the China Henan International Corporation, a provincial parastatal, exemplifies the “China” with which African states increasingly engage. Globalisation has entailed a diminution of central control over Chinese concerns operating overseas. Provincial administrations and private companies attracted by the margins attainable in Africa have forged their own presence in resource extraction, infrastructure and consumer markets – accounting for a quarter of Chinese investment in the continent as early as 2007. Mr Li believes wholeheartedly that the job he is doing will bring prosperity to Zambia by facilitating trade and economic growth. This, he argues, was the path followed by China.

The inclusion of Felix Mutati in the documentary is important because it highlights the active role Africans play in encouraging Chinese trade and investment. However, Mr Mutati’s conduct during a trip to China provokes unease. In his eagerness to secure Chinese investment, in any shape or form, the need for appropriate negotiation of terms or conditions is glossed over by the Zambian minister. It is as if any investment will do, on almost any terms.  The bargaining position of African governments is often not maximised. Although coherent national and regional development strategies are becoming more commonplace in Africa, negotiations with foreign investors are often conducted with too little reference to these strategies. The onus is on African governments to ensure the long-term effectiveness of foreign investment by channelling resources into priority sectors, and to secure terms which enhance skills and technology transfer. This imperative seemed to be far from Mr Mutati’s mind as he sought to entice Chinese investors.

The narratives in “When China Met Africa” do not represent a comprehensive depiction of China’s multifaceted engagement with Africa – and the makers of the film make no such grand claim. Their achievement is to underscore, with subtlety and sensitivity, that there are many Chinas in Africa – and that continually evolving China-Africa relations are shaped and altered by the likes of Mr Liu, Mr Li and Felix Mutati. Many more individual stories could usefully be told. It would be fascinating, for example, to learn more about the dilemmas the Beijing government faces in maintaining its official stance of non-interference in the internal affairs of sovereign nations as economic relations deepen; or about the experiences of African entrepreneurs who have been driven out of business by the competitive pressure from cheap Chinese imports; or about African businesses sourcing products from China which are thriving. A series of sequels would be welcome.

Jonathan Bhalla
Research Manager, Africa Research Institute

To download a copy of Africa Research Institute latest Briefing NoteBetween extremes: China and Africa” click here



28 comments:

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  6. My name is thynaya, i have fall in love with a man called johnbul, we have been i love for so many years now, i have not experience heart broken from him he love me more than any other thing on earth, until my boyfriend travel to see his mother, when he comes back he have not been the same that he is, he was change totally but i can't live without him,even if i went to greet him in his house he will send me away, i keep crying every day, i try so many spell caster but know one could help me but just to scam and eat up my money, until i heard of Dr okpodu i said okay let me tried him and see, really i contacted Dr opkodu, can you believe it my ex lover who said that we will never be together again came to my house begging me for forgiveness i have no choice than to forgive him cause i love him so much, please you need to contact this man he can as well help you he is like an angel sent from heaven to said people's life, his email is: dr.okpoduspellhome@gmail.com. try and contact him now thanks.My name is thynaya, i have fall in love with a man called johnbul, we have been i love for so many years now, i have not experience heart broken from him he love me more than any other thing on earth, until my boyfriend travel to see his mother, when he comes back he have not been the same that he is, he was change totally but i can't live without him,even if i went to greet him in his house he will send me away, i keep crying every day, i try so many spell caster but know one could help me but just to scam and eat up my money, until i heard of Dr okpodu i said okay let me tried him and see, really i contacted Dr opkodu, can you believe it my ex lover who said that we will never be together again came to my house begging me for forgiveness i have no choice than to forgive him cause i love him so much, please you need to contact this man he can as well help you he is like an angel sent from heaven to said people's life, his email is: dr.okpoduspellhome@gmail.com. try and contact him now thanks.

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  7. Hi everyone i will never forget the help the priest of JAYEMA temple render to me in my marital life. i have been married for 4 years now and my husband and i love each other very dearly . after 3 years of our marriage my husband suddenly change he was having an affair with a lady outside,i notice it then i was praying for divine intervention the thing became more serious i told my pastor about it we prayed but nothing happen. my husband just came home one day he pick up his things and left me and the kids to his mistress outside at this time i was confuse not knowing what to do again because i have lost my husband and my marriage too. i was just checking my mails in the office when i saw someone sharing her testimony on how the priest of JAYEMA temple help her out with her marital problems so i contacted the email of priest JAYEMA i told him my problem and i was told to be calm that i have come to the right place that i should fill some information concerning my self i did after 30 minus he called me again congratulating me that my problems will be solve within 48 hours. he told me what went wrong with my husband and how it happen.that they will restored my marriage but i will make a free donation to their JAYEMA home anything my heart told me. to my greatest surprise my husband came to my office begging me on his knees that i should find a place in my heart to forgive him i quickly ask him up that i have forgiven him.friends your case is not too hard why don't you give priest JAYEMA a try they work surprises because i know they will also bring back your husband. contact him via jayemamagictemple@gmail.com

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  8. An amazing testimony on a spell caster who brought my wife back to me..
    My name is Andy Sowers,i live in Australia,and I'm happily married to a lovely and caring wife,with two kids.A very big problem occurred in my family seven months ago,between me and my wife.so terrible that she took the case to court for a divorce.she said that she never wanted to stay with me again,and that she didn't love me anymore.So she packed out of my house and made me and my children passed through severe pain. I tried all my possible means to get her back,after much begging,but all to no avail.and she confirmed it that she has made her decision,and she never wanted to see me again.
    So on one evening,as i was coming back from work,i met an old friend of mine who asked of my wife.So i explained every thing to her,so she told me that the only way i can get my wife back,is to visit a spell caster,because it has really worked for her too.So i never believed in spell,but i had no other choice,than to follow her advice. Then she gave me the email address of the spell caster whom she visited.{osobaspelltemple@gmail.com }.
    So the next morning,i sent a mail to the address she gave to me,and the spell caster assured me that i will get my wife back the next day.What an amazing statement!! I never believed,so he spoke with me,and told me everything that i need to do. Then the next morning, So surprisingly, my wife who didn't call me for the past seven {7}months,gave me a call to inform me that she was coming back.So Amazing!! So that was how she came back that same day,with lots of love and joy,and she apologized for her mistake,and for the pain she caused me and my children. Then from that day,our relationship was now stronger than how it were before,by the help of a spell caster.
    So, i will advice you out there to kindly visit the same website {osobaspelltemple@gmail.com },if you are in any condition like this,or you have any problem related to "bringing your ex back.
    So thanks to the osobaspelltemple@gmail.com for bringing back my wife,and brought great joy to my family once again.
    osobaspelltemple@gmail.com

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  9. My Name is Erick Wilson..I never believed in Love Spells or Magics until I met this special spell caster when i went to Africa to Execute some business..He is really powerful..My wife divorce me with no reason for almost 4 years and i tried all i could to have her back cos i really love her so much but all my effort did not work out.. we met at our early age at the college and we both have feelings for each other and we got married happily for 5 years with no kid and she woke up one morning and she told me she’s going on a divorce..i thought it was a joke and when she came back from work she tender to me a divorce letter and she packed all her loads from my house..i ran mad and i tried all i could to have her back but all did not work out..i was lonely for almost 4 years…So when i told the spell caster what happened he said he will help me and he asked for her full name and her picture..i gave him that..At first i was skeptical but i gave it a try cos h ave tried so many spell casters and there is no solution…so when he finished with the readings,he got back to me that she’s with a man and that man is the reason why she left me…The spell caster said he will help me with a spell that will surely bring her back.but i never believe all this…he told me i will see a positive result within 3 days..3 days later,she called me herself and came to me apologizing and she told me she will come back to me..I cant believe this,it was like a dream cos i never believe this will work out after trying many spell casters and there is no solution..The spell caster is so powerful and after that he helped me with a pregnancy spell and my wife got pregnant a month later..we are now happy been together again and with lovely kid..This spell caster has really changed my life and i will forever thankful to him..he has helped many friends too with similar problem too and they are happy and thankful to him..This man is indeed the most powerful spell caster have ever experienced in life..Am Posting this to the Forum in case there is anyone who has similar problem and still looking for a way out..you can reach him here: osobaspelltemple@gmail.com ..... CONTACT THIS POWERFUL SPELL CASTER TODAY VIA EMAIL:osobaspelltemple@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  10. what an amazing feeling that came over me,a feeling of peace that my life will turn out the way I've dreamed of it to be!thank you from the bottom of my heart you are a true blessing!!! contact him for help today on ogbefispell@gmail.com
    Charles Sandton

    ReplyDelete
  11. My Name is AZIBA OLUBOISE. I never believed in Love Spells or Magics until I met this special spell caster when i contact this man called johnyiyi@rocketmail.com Execute some business..He is really powerful..My wife divorce me with no reason for almost 4 years and i tried all i could to have her back cos i really love her so much but all my effort did not work out.. we met at our early age at the college and we both have feelings for each other and we got married happily for 5 years with no kid and she woke up one morning and she told me she’s going on a divorce..i thought it was a joke and when she came back from work she tender to me a divorce letter and she packed all her loads from my house..i ran mad and i tried all i could to have her back but all did not work out..i was lonely for almost 4 years…So when i told the spell caster what happened he said he will help me and he asked for her full name and her picture..i gave him that..At first i was skeptical but i gave it a try cos have tried so many spell casters and there is no solution…so when he finished with the readings,he got back to me that she’s with a man and that man is the reason why she left me…The spell caster said he will help me with a spell that will surely bring her back.but i never believe all this…he told me i will see a positive result within 3 days..3 days later,she called me herself and came to me apologizingI NEVER BELIEVED IN LOVE SPELLS UNTIL I MET THIS WORLD'S TOP SPELL CASTER. HE IS REALLY POWERFUL AND COULD HELP CAST SPELLS TO BRING BACK ONE'S GONE,LOST,MISBEHAVING LOVER AND MAGIC MONEY SPELL OR SPELL FOR A GOOD JOB.I'M NOW HAPPY & A LIVING TESTIMONY COS THE WOMAN I HAD WANTED TO MARRY LEFT ME 2 WEEKS BEFORE OUR WEDDING AND MY LIFE WAS UPSIDE DOWN COS OUR RELATIONSHIP HAS BEEN ON FOR 2YEARS... I REALLY LOVED HIM, BUT HIS MOTHER WAS AGAINST US AND HE HAD NO GOOD PAYING JOB. SO WHEN I MET THIS SPELL CASTER, I TOLD HIM WHAT HAPPENED AND EXPLAINED THE SITUATION OF THINGS TO HIM..AT FIRST I WAS UNDECIDED,SKEPTICAL AND DOUBTFUL, BUT I JUST GAVE IT A TRY. AND IN 7 DAYS WHEN I RETURNED TO USA, MY GIRLFRIEND(NOW WIFE) CALLED ME BY HERSELF AND CAME TO ME APOLOGIZING THAT EVERYTHING HAD BEEN SETTLED WITH HIS MOM AND FAMILY AND SHE GOT A NEW JOB INTERVIEW SO WE SHOULD GET MARRIED..I DIDN'T BELIEVE IT COS THE SPELL CASTER ONLY ASKED FOR MY NAME AND MY GIRLFRIENDS NAME AND ALL I WANTED HIM TO DO... WELL WE ARE HAPPILY MARRIED NOW AND WE ARE EXPECTING OUR LITTLE KID,AND MY WIFE ALSO GOT THE NEW JOB AND OUR LIVES BECAME MUCH BETTER. IN CASE ANYONE NEEDS THE SPELL CASTER FOR SOME HELP, HIS EMAIL ADDRESS IS;johnyiyi@rocketmail.com ......HOPE HE HELPS YOU OUT OUR OPPORTUNITY ... CONTACT THIS GREAT SPELL CASTER VIA EMAIL:johnyiyi@rocketmail.com...

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  12. MY NAME IS JANICES WALLOCKS FROM HOUSTON,TEXAS.I NEVER BELIEVED IN LOVE SPELLS OR MAGIC UNTIL I MET THIS SPELL CASTER ONCE WHEN I WENT TO AFRICA IN DECEMBER LAST YEAR ON A BUSINESS SUMMIT. HE IS REALLY POWERFUL AND COULD HELP CAST SPELLS TO BRING BACK ONE'S GONE,LOST,MISBEHAVING LOVER LOOKING FOR SOME ONE TO LOVE YOU, BRING BACK LOST MONEY AND MAGIC MONEY SPELL OR SPELL FOR A GOOD JOB.I'M NOW HAPPY & A LIVING TESTIMONY COS THE MAN I HAD WANTED TO MARRY LEFT ME 2 WEEKS BEFORE OUR WEDDING AND MY LIFE WAS UPSIDE DOWN COS OUR RELATIONSHIP HAS BEEN ON FOR 2YEARS... I REALLY LOVED HIM, BUT HIS MOTHER WAS AGAINST US AND HE HAD NO GOOD PAYING JOB. SO WHEN I MET THIS SPELL CASTER, I TOLD HIM WHAT HAPPENED AND EXPLAINED THE SITUATION OF THINGS TO HIM..AT FIRST I WAS UNDECIDED,SKEPTICAL AND DOUBTFUL, BUT I JUST GAVE IT A TRY. AND IN 7 DAYS WHEN I RETURNED TO TEXAS, MY BOYFRIEND (NOW HUSBAND) CALLED ME BY HIMSELF AND CAME TO ME APOLOGIZING THAT EVERYTHING HAD BEEN SETTLED WITH HIS MOM AND FAMILY AND HE GOT A NEW JOB INTERVIEW SO WE SHOULD GET MARRIED..I DIDN'T BELIEVE IT COS THE SPELL CASTER ONLY ASKED FOR MY NAME AND MY BOYFRIENDS NAME AND ALL I WANTED HIM TO DO... WELL WE ARE HAPPILY MARRIED NOW AND WE ARE EXPECTING OUR LITTLE KID,AND MY HUSBAND ALSO GOT THE NEW JOB AND OUR LIVES BECAME MUCH BETTER. IN CASE ANYONE NEEDS THE SPELL CASTER FOR SOME HELP, HIS EMAIL ADDRESS IS:johnyiyi@rocketmail.com ......HOPE HE HELPS YOU OUT. HURRY NOW AND CONTACT HIM NOW VIA EMAIL ADDRESS:johnyiyi@rocketmail.com.

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  13. Hello To The World At Large,
    I am Miss Wacks.,From united states of America.I will start by saying to all that have experience heart break and also cant do with out there lover should please stop here and read up my story, So as you will know how to go solving or getting your ex back from this spell caster..AND AGAIN I WILL WANT TO ALSO TELL ALL THAT THIS SPELL CASTER I WILL WANT TO TELL THE WHOLE WORLD ABOUT IS HARMLESS AND DO NOT HAVE ANY SIDE EFFECT, BUT TO RESTORE AND GIVE YOU BACK WHAT YOU DESERVE, COS WHEN I MEET WITH THIS SPELL CASTER THAT WAS INTRODUCED TO ME BY THE WIFE OF MY BOSS IN MY WORKING PLACE, HE MADE IT CLEAR THAT HE CAN CAST SPELL ON SO MANY OTHER PROBLEMS EXCEPT IN GETTING YOUR EX OR MAKING YOUR LOVER TO LOVE YOU MORE THAT WILL SUITE YOU. Last year December, My lover was cheating on me and was not also give me the attention that a man should give to a woman,And really that was troubling my mind and tearing my heart apart to the extent that i was not concentrating in the office the way i use to before the break up by my lover.And before that incident,I always see how my boss use to love his wife so much. I was binging to think that i was not doing the right thing to him that will make him love me forever,So i really gathered my courage and went to my boss wife office to ask her the secret that made her husband love her so dearly,In the first place she refused in telling me,She asked me why i am asking her such a question,That if is it not normal for every man to love his wife.I told her the reason that made me ask her about this question,That my lover started cheating on me lately,When i knelt down before her for her to see my seriousness in this issue that i went to ask her,She opened up to me by telling me that i should not tell anybody about what she want to tell me,The wife to my boss started to say to me that she used a very powerful spell on his husband to love her,And the spell that she used is harmless, But the spell is just to make him love her and never to look for any other woman except her. I QUICKLY ASK HER HOW DID SHE GET TO KNOW THIS GREAT,POWER,DURABLE AND PERFECT WORK SPELL CASTER,she said that a friend of hers also introduce her to him. Then i also ask her how i can meet with this spell caster.SHE SAID EVERYTHING TO ME,THAT THE NAME OF THIS SPELL CASTER IS SHAKES SPEAR ORACLE TEMPLE.My next question to her was how can i get this wonderful spell caster,She said she is going to give me the email of the spell caster for me to contact him for my problem,Really she gave to me this spell caster email and i contacted him and explained all to him,And after every thing that needed to be done by the spell caster, In the next two days, My lover that hated me so much came to house begging for forgiveness and i was so glad that i have finally gotten my heart desire..I was so grateful to this spell caster for what he has done for my life.. So i made a promise to him that i will always continue telling the world about his wonderful work towards me and also to other that came to you before and also the people that will also get to you from my story that i narrated online now..I will want to say to the entire world that you should not cry over noting again, That there is a great man that has been helping individuals to restore there Joy and smile in there faces !! The direct email to get this man is : johnyiyi@rocketmail.com ,This is what i want to tell you all out there,That is thinking that all hope is lost ok.CONTACT JOHN YI YI TODAY:: johnyiyi@rocketmail.com .Thanks

    Regards,

    Miss Wacks.

    ReplyDelete
  14. Thanks to John Yi Yi as he is a great spell caster who brought back my lover.....

    I want to tell everyone about my meeting with Prophet John Yi Yi who was able to bring back my ex lover within the period of 2days... At these moment i don't have anything to say than to appreciate the good works of Prophet John Yi Yi who you can simply reach at: johnyiyi@rocketmail.com

    1. He has got charms/spell to take away bad luck & give good luck in life

    2. He fix broken relationships, marriages

    3. He treats Beareness

    4. He fight evil/ witchcraft/ ghost/bad spell/curses/bad dreams& cleans homes.

    5. He bring back lost lover/family

    6. He Makes court cases/divorces/bad debts to disappear.

    7. He has herbs for losing weight

    8. He solve financial and domestic difficulties

    9. He has a spell charm to bring back stolen goods.

    10. He has got a sale quick potions to boost customers in business.

    11. He can make you gain promotions at work place.

    12. He can make your admired partner to be yours.

    13. He has herbs to make long live with HIV

    14. He has something to make you have lot of children.

    15. He has a spell/charms that can make you have a good job.

    16. He can stop someone to interfere in your love relationship/family

    17. He has mixtures of herbs for sexual weakness.

    18. He has herbs to enlarge your sexual system to satisfy your partner.

    19. He cure madness/stress/addictions/long illnesses.

    20. He treat sexual transmitted infections quickly.

    21. He has lucky spells/charm to increase your wealthy.

    22. He has charms for gambling/lotto/ casinos.

    23. He has powerful herbs for curing early ejaculations.

    24. he has charms to protect away from car robbers/hijacker/properties attack& Etc


    contact me of any of these today at: johnyiyi@rocketmail.com..... WE GOT SOLUTION TO ALL PROBLEMS HERE ...

    ReplyDelete
  15. ATTENTION TO THE WHOLE WORLD:


    Hello and blessed are you who found me. My name is DR SHAKES SPEAR, and am here to help you change and transform your life in the most positive way possible. I use the power of white, black craft and Wicca and voodoo spell casting to help people just like you they get the love they want and the money they deserve.


    My love spell offer amazing and quick results. Do you want to find your soulmate? Do you want to reunite with a past lover and make him or her love you again? Do you need to bind a troublemaker from causing problems in your relationship? With my spell casting service, I can cast a love spell on your behalf that will help all of your wishes and dreams come true. I also do other custom spells, such as money spells, job spells, friendship spells, and good luck spells.


    You may have already tried the power of spells and prayers to get what you want. Although it is true that everyone has the ability to cast spells and perform magic, spell casting is like a muscle. Everyone has this 'muscle' but the more you use it, the stronger it gets, and the more things you are able to do with it. If you are not an experienced spell caster, your spell may not be as strong, and the results not as quick as you may desire.GET YOUR PROBLEMS SOLVE HERE AND BE FREE!!

    Hello to people that want to be Great,

    Note: This Spell casting do not have any effect on any one, But just to get your problem solve ok.
    Get your problem solve in master...You can get the bellow problems solve here.

    1. Bring back lost lover, even if lost for a long
    time
    2. Remove bad spells from homes, business
    & customer attraction etc.
    3. Get promotion you have desired for a long time at work or in your career.
    4. Remove the black pot that keeps on taking your money away
    5. Find out why you are not progressing in life and the solution
    6. Eliminate in family fights
    7. Ensure excellent school grades even for children with mental disabilities
    8. Stop your marriage or relationship from
    breaking apart
    9. I destroy and can send back the Nikolos if requested
    10. We heal barrenness in women and disturbing menstruation
    11. Get you marriage to the lover of your choice
    12. Guarantee you win the troubling court cases & divorce no matter how what stage
    13. Ensure success in work and business
    14. Mental illness & bewitched
    15. Can’t sleep at night or walking at night
    16. Recover stolen property and
    whereabouts of people that hurt you.
    17. Bring supernatural luck into your home
    18. Extreme protection for those doing dangerous jobs like security guards, Bank manager, cash transporters, etc

    I have over 20 years of spell casting experience, and i have successfully cast spells to help hundreds of people improve their love life, financial situation, and happiness.

    I can help you, and I want to help you. Read through my words and CONTACT ME VIA:shakesspear23@yahoo.com OR shakesspear23@gmail.com AS MY POWERS ARE SO STRONG AND VERY EFFECTIVE AND HAS NO BAD EFFECT INSTEAD IT HAVE A VERY GOOD RESULT AFTER CASTING THE SPELL.

    ReplyDelete
  16. MY TESTIMONIES!

    GOOD DAY TO EVERY ONE OUT THERE,
    I AM CLARIA ARNOLD FROM UNITED STATE OF AMERICA[USA]AND AM SURVIVE BY THREE CHILDREN. I AM BEING THE HAPPIEST PERSON IN THE WHOLE WORLD TODAY AND I ALSO WANT TO USE THIS OPPORTUNITY TO LET THE WORLD KNOW ABOUT THE GREAT SPELL CASTER WHO RESTORED MY MY LIFE AND SOUL BACK TO ME. i
    I WAS HAPPILY MARRIED TO JOVAINE WILLIAM IN THE YEAR 2009 AND WE WHERE BOTH LIVING HAPPILY UNTIL WE BOTH HAD AN MISS UNDERSTANDING WITH EACH OTHER WHICH LEADED HIM TO DIVORCE ME , AND AFTER JOVAINE LEFT HOME ON 6th OF MARCH 2015, SINCE THAT DAY I AM AND MY CHILDREN WHERE LIVING ALONE IN OUR HOUSE FOR THE PAST THREE MONTHS. UNTIL I CAME TO MEANT THIS GOOD AND CARING FRIEND OF MINE WHO TOLD ABOUT THE MYSTIC AND GREAT POWER OF A SPELL CASTER WHO WAS KNOW AS ''THE GREAT LORD JARAKATI'' AND AFTER I WAS TOLD ABOUT THIS GREAT SPELL CASTER I NEVER HAD ANY INTEREST OF CONTACTING HIS EMAIL ADDRESS WHICH THAT FRIEND OF MINE GAVE TO ME, UNTIL I CONCLUDED MY MIND ONE DAY and I WENT INTO THE INTERNET AND I SEND A MESSAGE TO THE EMAIL ADDRESS WHICH WAS: LORD JARAKATI SPELL TEMPLE@GMAIL.COM AND AFTER THIS I DID, I WAS FIRST TOLD BY THE GREAT LORD JARAKATI TO HOLD MY SELF STILL
    THAT ALL MY PAINS AND WORRIES WILL BE GONE AS FACT THAT I HAVE CONTACTED HIS EMAIL ADDRESS AND I NEVER FULLY BELIEVE THAT MY EX LOVER JOVAINE WILL EVER COME BACK UNTIL I WAS TOLD BY THE GREAT LORD JARAKATI TO MAKE THE PAYMENT FOR THE SPELL ITEMS WHICH I DID. AND I WAS PROMISED BY THE GREAT LORD JARAKATI THAT AFTER TODAY WHICH I MADE THE PAYMENT FOR THE SPELL ITEMS THAT THE OTHER DAY MY EX HUSBAND WILL COME BACK HOME AND BEG ME FOR FORGIVENESS WHICH I NEVER STILL FULLY BELIEVE HIM UNTIL THE OTHER DAY CAME UP AND I WAS ON MY BED ROOM WITH MY CHILDREN WHEN I HEARD A RING AT MY DOOR HOPING IT WAS JUST A FRIEND OF MINE BUT NOT KNOWING IT WAS MY EX LOVER JOVAINE . I WENT TO THE DOOR TO TAKE A LOOK WHO THE PERSON WAS UNEXPECTEDLY THE PERSON I WAS SEEING WAS JOVAINE ON A SAD AND REGRETABLE MOOD WITH TEARS ON HIS FACE . AND AFTER ALL THIS I SAY JOVAINE CALLED MY NAME AND KNELL IN THE FRONT OF ME DEEPLY BEGGING FOR FORGIVENESS WHICH I TOLD HIM I HAD FORGIVING HIM, AND WE BOTH HOLD EACH OTHER HANDS AND HE KISS MY FORE HEAD AND MY LIP AND I ACCEPTED HIM BACK WITH THE WHOLE OF MY HEART. WE ARE NOW FULLY LIVING HAPPILY. ONCE AGAIN THANKS TO YOU LORD JARAKATI FOR I WILL EVER BE HONEST WITH YOU.THIS IS HIS EMAIL ADDRESS: LORDJARAKATISPELLTEMPLE@GMAIL.COM

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  17. Thanks to DR OJIE after reading the post of Klein,Anita and Sara, about how DR OJIE help them get back their jobs and Lovers, I quickly wrote him and explained how Gustavo abandoned me on May 14th 2014 for another lady, DR OJIE said I should not worry anymore and he assure me that Gustavo is gonna be back to me in 48hrs if he could get some items in the market to cast the spell, I quickily gave him money for items considering the testimony i saw about his work. I waited patiently. Behold the next day at 7am i held a knock and I open the door it was Gustavo, I was shocked so I let him in and he said he will never ignore me again, we had sex that night, I was so happy and tried telling DR OJIE about this success but he said all he wanted was for me to share the testimony and let people know how real this is, People all over the world DR OJIE is someone I can recommend and testify, am a living witness of this. You can contact them drojielovespelltemple@yahoo.com or +2348071635034

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  18. My Name is Bridget Machaka i want to thank Dr. DR EBOEHI for getting my lover back to me within 48 hours. When my lover left me i was so tired and frustrated till i search the internet for help and i saw so many good talk about Dr. DR EBOEHI of (supernaturalspelltemple@gmail.com) or (supernaturalspelltemple@yahoo.com) and i decided to give him a try and i contact him and explain my problems to him and he cast a love spell for me which i use to get my husband back. If you want to get your lover back contact DR EBOEHI via email: (supernaturalspelltemple@gmail.com or (supernaturalspelltemple@yahoo.com) DR EBOEHI the great man that is able to bring back my lost love.

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  19. My Name is Bridget Machaka i want to thank Dr. DR EBOEHI for getting my lover back to me within 48 hours. When my lover left me i was so tired and frustrated till i search the internet for help and i saw so many good talk about Dr. DR EBOEHI of (supernaturalspelltemple@gmail.com) or (supernaturalspelltemple@yahoo.com) and i decided to give him a try and i contact him and explain my problems to him and he cast a love spell for me which i use to get my husband back. If you want to get your lover back contacta DR EBOEHI via email: (supernaturalspelltemple@gmail.com or (supernaturalspelltemple@yahoo.com) DR EBOEHI the great man that is able to bring back my lost love.

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  20. My Name is JERSAINE GONZALE from USA,i want to use this opportunity to thank the Great DR ADESUWA for helping in getting my Ex boyfriend back to me, i have been in great pains until the day i contacted DR ADESUWA he casted a love spell for me and told me to wait for just 24 hours that my Ex boyfriend will call me and i did according to the instructions given to me by him and surprisingly, in 24 hours, my Ex Boyfriend really called me and started apologizing for all he had caused me. I am the happiest Woman on earth today because DR ADESUWA has done a wonderful deeds in my life and i will continue to share this testimony, if you would love to contact DR ADESUWA and if you know you are encountering same condition, visit him: dradesuwaspelltemple@gmail.com is really a gifted man and i will not stop publishing him because he is a wonderful man... If you have a problem and you are looking for a real and genuine spell caster to solve all your problems for you.he is the answer to your problems. Here's his contact dradesuwaspelltemple@gmail.com Or you can also reach him directly on his cell phone number +2347054396436

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  21. After being in relationship with Wilson for seven years,he broke up with me, I did everything possible to bring him back but all was in vain, I wanted him back so much because of the love I have for him, I begged him with everything, I made promises but he refused. I explained my problem to someone online and she suggested that I should contact a spell caster that could help me cast a spell to bring him back but I am the type that don't believed in spell, I had no choice than to try it, I meant a spell caster called dr clement and I email him, and he told me there was no problem that everything will be okay before three days, that my ex will return to me before three days, he cast a powerful spell on my ex and surprisingly in the second day, it was around 4pm, My ex called me, surprisingly, I answered the call and all he said was that he was so sorry for everything that happened, that he wanted me back to him, that he loves me so much. I was so happy and went to him, that was how we started living together happily again. Since then, I have made promise that anybody that has a relationship problem, he we be a help to such person by referring him or her to the only real and powerful spell caster who helped me with my own problem and who is different from all the fake ones out there. Anybody could need the help of the spell caster, his email:drakugbespellhome1@gmail.com you can email him if you need his assistance in your relationship or any kind of problem, thank you once again dr for bring my husband back to me .I can never stop talking about you sir you can email him for your own help his email is drakugbespellhome1@gmail.com

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  22. !!! How To Get Your husband Back & Avoid Divorce !!!

    Glorious be unto Dr. Ukaka the great man and ever, my name is Sarah from Taxes city usa. since 1 and a half year I have witness what is called heart broken. my boyfriend that promised me marriage failed me and impregnate me and leave,he dump me,he stop calling" he stop picking my calls,and he no longer respond to me. I have be looking for solution,I fall into the hands of fake spell caster,they rough me off and took my money without help.I have cried,I have weep"and tears runs out of eyes. The silentness in my heart brought me to the deepest path of failure that I lost my job. Crying all day,because of my life was lonely. So thanks to Ukaka that came into my life and brought me the greatest joy that was lost. I saw his mail while browsing and I contact and tell him what I am passing through with no doubt because what saw about him,was enough to believe. And I was given words of solution on what to do. I can't really help thinking about it I have tried to see what I can do, I manage to provide him some materials and he help me with the rest,after casting the spell, 12hrs later he came with rose on his hand and I was even about going out,i saw him in front of my door when he sees me he knee and said he is dying I should forgive him and accept him back he was crying,I can't wait to let him finish I quickly crab him and kiss him, just then" he said he is restless without me, just as the prophet has said he will be. He brought out a ring and put it on my hand. Our wedding day was scheduled,1week after we got married. today makes it 2weeks and we are living happily I don't know how to praise him enough, he has done me a thing I can never forget. And I can't really share to myself alone, I want y'all to help me praise him because if it is wasn't for him I already plan of committing suicide. But right now I am now so happy more than I was before. And you out there crying for help you've already got one,Ukaka is the man that you need in all rampart. contact his address if you need his service, freedomlovespell@hotmail.com also contact him on his web site: freedomlovespelltemple.yolasite.com

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  23. BE CAREFUL HERE NOBODY CAN HELP YOU HERE OR EVEN SUGGEST HOW YOU CAN GET YOUR EX OR LOVE BACK,ANY TESTIMONIES OF MOST SPELL CASTER HERE MUST BE IGNORE.BECAUSE MOST OF THEM ARE SCAM I MEAN REAL SCAM WHICH I WAS A VICTIM AND I GOT RIPPED OF THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS BECAUSE I WAS SO ANXIOUS TO GET MY WIFE BACK AFTER SHE LEFT ME FOR OVER 2 YEARS WITH MY 7 YEARS OLD SON JERRY,I HAVE APPLIED TO 7 DIFFERENT SPELL CASTER HERE AND ALL TO NO AVAIL THEY ALL ASK FOR SAME THING SEND YOUR NAME YOUR EX NAME ADDRESS AND PICTURE PHONE NUMBER ETC WHICH I DID OVER AND OVER AGAIN AND MOST OF THEM WERE FROM WEST AFRICA UNTIL I SAW A POST ABOUT MAMA ANITA SPELL AND I DECIDED TO GAVE HER MY LAST TRAIL.SHE ASK ME FOUR THINGS MY REAL NAME,MY EX AND MY EX MOTHER NAME AND $380 AND SAID MY EX WILL COME BACK IN 24HOURS, I HAVE PAID OVER $3000 ON SPELL CASTING AND COURIER AND NOTHING HAVE WORK FOR ME AFTER 3 DAYS I WAS THINKING ABOUT HOW MUCH I HAVE LOST SO FAR SO I SAID LET ME GIVE HER A TRY SO I CALLED HER AGAIN AND SEND MY REAL NAME,MY EX AND MY EX MOTHER NAME AND THE $380 BECAUSE I SWEAR IT WAS MY LAST TRY SO I WAS WAITING AS SHE TOLD ME TO WAIT TILL NEXT DAY AND I COULD NOT SLEEP THAT NIGHT BECAUSE I REALLY LOVE MY WIFE AND WANT HER BACK AT 9PMTHAT DAY I SAW MY WIFE ON LINE ON FACE BOOK AND SHE SAID HI AT FIRST I WAS SHOCK BECAUSE SHE NEVER TALK WITH ME FOR THE PAST A YEAR AND 9 MONTH NOW I DID NOT REPLY AGAIN SHE SAID ARE YOU THERE? I QUICKLY REPLY YES AND SHE SAID CAN WE SEE TOMORROW I SAID YES AND SHE WENT OFF-LINE I WAS CONFUSED I TRY TO CHAT HER AGAIN BUT SHE WAS NO MORE ON LINE I COULD NOT SLEEP THAT NIGHT AS I WAS WONDERING WHAT SHE IS GOING TO SAY, BY 7.AM THE NEXT MORNING SHE GAVE ME A MISS CALL I DECIDED NOT TO CALL BACK AS I WAS STILL ON SHOCK AGAIN SHE CALL AND I PICK SHE SAID CAN WE SEE AFTER WORK TODAY I SAID YES SO SHE END THE CALL IMMEDIATELY I GOT OFF WORK SHE CALL ME AND WE MEET AND NOW WE ARE BACK AGAIN I CALL MAMA ANITA THE NEXT DAY THANKING HER FOR WHAT SHE HAS DONE IN FACT I STILL CALL HER AND THANK HER AS MY LIFE WAS NOT COMPLETE WITHOUT MY WIFE PLEASE BE CAREFUL HERE I HAVE BEEN SCAM THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS IF YOU WANT A TRUE LOVE SPELL THEN CONTACT MAMA ANITA (mama.anitaspellcraft@hotmail.com) website http://kelvinlargemyself.wix.com/anita

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  24. I have something to share with you!!! There is a great joy in my heart which I want to share with everyone. My name is Ella. I had a misunderstanding with my lover a few years ago; which led to us to break up and he never wanted to hear my voice again. He saw a beautiful love more prettier than myself, but as time went on I met Doctor ogbo. He is a great spell caster (medicine man ). I contacted him through his email and explained everything to him. He said that I shouldn't worry, that my lover will come back to me on his knees begging for forgiveness. I bought an item that he told me to buy for the preparation of the spell. After everything was prepared he told me that my lover will come to me with 24 hours begging. My greatest joy now is that he actually came back to me and fell on his knees begging for forgiveness, and today we are happy. Do you have any problem with your loved one? Do not know what to do? Well worry no more because Doctor ogbo can provide you with a spell to get him or her back. With the help of a spell just as he helped me. Contact Doctor ogbo today via email for your spell: drogbospellhome1500@gmail.com

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  25. I DON'T DO THINGS LIKE THIS (PUBLICITY) AM EMOTIONALLY MOVED FOR ITS A
    PROMISE TO THIS UNFORGETTABLE MAN DR DANIEL KESHIE.
    I am Bella from Brazil,i am saying this to the world that my husband who left me for the past 2 years is back home. All this happened with the help of dr keshie a powerful spell caster.
    For those 2 years my husband left me, i was not myself and i felt this life had come to an end all because i love my husband so much and would do anything needed from me just to have him back. Anything i did to bring him back was not working it was seeming each time i tried to have him back the further he was going away from me i was hopeless and helpless until one day i saw a testimony of Ruth saying how the great dr keshie brought back her ex lover. I was not convinced though. but as time went on i kept on seeing more testimonies about dr keshie and i said to myself with a strong faith of mind, it will be a thing of the past if i contact this man. I contacted him really on his email keshiespiritualtemple@gmail.com; I explained myself to him, what he said was so surprising to the extent i was kind of happy even when my husband was not back yet, this was what he said to me"he doesn't collect fund, what he needs is giving testimonies like this and giving him little to buy items for casting the spell for help needy like me, then i did accordingly to what he asked me. Behold everybody, i still can not believe now my husband is with me after all that happened between me and him because i thought he would not call me his sweet names again, truly when he left me i had many things on my mind of negative that i would murder myself if this great man dr keshie could not help me, which he did, why am i saying all this is because i thought he wasn't real and he couldn't bring my husband back to me because then, i didn't believe it was true bringing one's love back on the internet; what is surprising me to this time is, in not more than 3 days after casting the spell my husband who swore with his life that he would never come back to me again, came back not only that, kneeling down begging me he shouldn't have left me at first.Till now we are never having any mis-understanding again because we now get to understand each other. Even before my husband left, we had little problem on coping in the family because no enough fund which i also complained of and explained to him; after all, when dr keshie brought him back everything changed and now we are building our other house as am testifying now, my two daughters are now in the higher school that they were not before because we now live financially well. All i want to say is thanks and i know is not enough for him but nevertheless, great thanks to THE GREAT DRKESHIE for the help he rendered me if you need help in your Marriage, relationship and even he told me he solves any problem so here his email Address, keshiespiritualtemple@gmail.com, so contact him and see his awesome powers.To me he's a clue to one's problem.

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  26. Today has being the most happiest day of my life after 2 year of sadness and sorrow without being with the one i love, i tried all my possible best to make sure i make my lover happy but it never seems to work out well it was like am doing everything in vain but all thanks to DR ZUBA for coming to change all my worries and sadness to Joy. i knew the great man when i read some wonderful reviews about DR ZUBA how he has helped a lots of people on there relationship problem i was reading a magazine which then i saw great testimonies as well which then i decided not to waste time.he told me not to worry that he assures me that within 48 hours everything would be sorted out i believed DR ZUBA so much because i believe he can't fail me and i sent him all my details. Truly DR ZUBA never failed me,my husband who left me for good a year come back to me. My husband and i have been living contentedly since this spell caster reunited us together with his love spells. Thank you so so so much DR ZUBA for your powerful spells. expressions are not sufficient to say thank you. here is his email address drzubaspellhome@gmail.com or contact him +2348167554235.

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  27. Sometimes our life go though some tough times but we should try and hold on. If you’re looking for a way to repair or improve your marriage, then glad you have found Dr uneme , and I strongly suggest you get in touch with him. In here I document my efforts in seeking reconciliation with my Boyfriend who greatly surprised me when she broke up with me a few month ago. we had been having conflict, but I never thought it would cause she abandon me but all thanks to great Dr uneme who help me to bring back my ex boyfriend back to me .you can contact him also Email :
    unemespellben@gmail. com or whatsApp him on +2348143813120

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  28. FAST AND GENUINE LOVE SPELL CASTER TO SETTLE YOUR RELATIONSHIP OR MARRIAGE PROBLEMS OF ALL KINDS email: odionspelltemple@gmail.com or WhatsApp +2347038832903.
    Special thanks to a powerful spell caster Called Dr. Odion who brought my lost lover back with 48hours and since i contact him through email: odionspelltemple@gmail.com or WhatsApp +2347038832903. my life has turn around for good, me and my husband are the best couple in world  since i contacted this man for help through email: odionspelltemple@gmail.com or WhatsApp +2347038832903. for fast response believe me that you will find happiness when this man for work you...

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